The three laws of thermodynamics, Heat capacity theory and Debye's law. Calculations of enthalpy, entropy, and free energy of pure materials and reactions. Reversible and irreversible processes. Gibbs free energy, chemical equilibria, and phase rule. Introduction of Ellingham, Pourbaix, and pre-dominance area diagrams. Treatment of ideal and non-ideal solutions with the introduction of the concept of activity and activity coefficient. Binary and ternary phase diagrams and their applications to materials processing and materials properties. Thermodynamics of electrochemical systems.